Guide
How to get your HGV licence, step by step
Going from a car licence to driving a lorry for a living takes a few stages, and they have to happen in order. Here is each one, what it involves and roughly how long it takes.
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Choose the licence you need
Start with the work you want to do. Local delivery and construction jobs usually ask for Class 2 (Category C). Long-distance, tanker and bulk haulage usually need Class 1 (C+E), which you can now take directly without passing Class 2 first. C1 (7.5 tonne) is a common first step into delivery work.
Not sure? Our licence category table sets them side by side, or call us and we will talk it through.
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Get a medical and apply for your provisional entitlement
You need a D2 application form and a D4 medical report, which a doctor completes after checking things like your eyesight, blood pressure and medical history. We can arrange your medical with Drivers Medical Solutions, and their doctor brings the D2 and D4 forms, so you don’t need to order them.
Post both forms to the DVLA with your photocard licence. There is no fee for adding provisional entitlement, and we recommend Special Delivery. Allow three to four weeks. The entitlement won’t be printed on your card, so check it online or call us and we will check it for you. See our trainee resources for the forms and links.
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Pass your theory tests
There are three theory tests, taken at a DVSA test centre once your provisional entitlement is through:
- Multiple choice: 100 questions in 1 hour 15 minutes, with a pass mark of 85
- Hazard perception: 19 video clips, with a pass mark of 67 out of 100
- Driver CPC case studies (Module 2, for professional drivers): 50 questions across 6 to 8 case studies in 1 hour 15 minutes, with a pass mark of 40
If you are training with us, we book the tests with you and offer free one-to-one theory tuition at our Dumfries centre, or an online learning platform, DTS Anytime, where we can follow your progress. Theory passes last two years, so plan your practical training within that time. Practice tests and revision links.
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Train with an instructor
With your theory passed, practical training starts. At Nithcree you learn in a dual-controlled lorry with an instructor who drove for a living: vehicle safety checks, the reversing exercise, and plenty of time on real roads around Dumfries or Perth. How long you need depends on the category and your experience. Direct Access C+E, for example, is 32 hours over four days one-to-one, or eight days two-to-one. If you are travelling to Dumfries, we send bed and breakfast recommendations when you book.
Funding can cover some or all of the cost. We check what applies before you book.
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Take the practical driving test
The DVSA practical test (Module 3) covers vehicle safety questions, off-road exercises such as reversing into a bay, and an on-road drive of about an hour. Your instructor will tell you when you are ready, and we prepare you for exactly what the examiner looks for.
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Pass the Driver CPC practical demonstration
Professional drivers also take the Driver CPC practical demonstration test (Module 4). You show an examiner that you can keep the vehicle and its load safe and secure, carry out a walk-round check, and deal with situations such as emergencies. It is short, and we cover it in training.
Once you have passed Modules 2 and 4 the DVSA sends your Driver Qualification Card (DQC), which you must carry when driving professionally.
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Keep your licence and card valid
To keep your DQC you need 35 hours of Driver CPC periodic training every five years. Lorry drivers also renew their medical at 45, then every five years until 65, and every year after that. If you plan to carry dangerous goods, add an ADR certificate.
Ready for step 4?
Lorry licence courses
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C1LGV licences
Class C1 (7.5 tonne)Drive medium goods vehicles between 3.5 and 7.5 tonnes. A common first step into delivery and distribution work.
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CLGV licences
Category C (rigid vehicle)The full rigid licence for goods vehicles over 3.5 tonnes, from tippers to curtainsiders.
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C+ELGV licences
Class C+E (articulated)Move up from a rigid licence to articulated and drawbar combinations.
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DA C+ELGV licences
Direct Access C+EGo straight to the articulated licence without taking the Category C test first.
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C1+ELGV licences
Class C1+ETow a trailer behind a C1 vehicle, up to 12 tonnes combined.
Questions
HGV licence questions
What is the difference between HGV Class 1 and Class 2?
Class 2 is the old name for Category C: rigid lorries over 3.5 tonnes, such as tippers and curtainsiders. Class 1 is Category C+E: articulated lorries, and rigid lorries towing a trailer over 750kg. HGV and LGV mean the same thing; LGV is the term the DVSA uses.
Do I need a medical to get an HGV licence?
Yes. You send a D4 medical report, completed by a doctor, with your D2 application for provisional lorry entitlement. Lorry drivers renew their medical at 45, then every five years until 65, then every year.
Which theory tests do I need to pass?
The lorry theory test has two parts, multiple choice and hazard perception, taken at a DVSA test centre. If you will drive for a living you also need the Driver CPC case study test. Theory passes last two years, so plan your practical training within that window.
Do you help with the theory tests?
Yes. If you are training with us we book your theory tests with you, and offer free one-to-one theory tuition with mock tests at our Dumfries centre. We can also enrol you on DTS Anytime, an online platform covering all three tests, where we can see your progress. See theory test resources.
Can I go straight to Class 1 without passing Class 2 first?
Yes. Since DVSA rule changes in 2021 you can train and test on an articulated lorry without holding Category C first. See our Direct Access C+E course. We will talk through whether going direct or stepping up suits your experience.
How old do I need to be to train?
You can apply for provisional lorry entitlement from 18. Some rules on what you can drive professionally depend on your age and Driver CPC status, so call us if you are under 21 and we will explain what applies to you.
Ready when you are
Book a course or ask a question